Your car’s brakes are arguably its most crucial safety system. They bring your vehicle to a halt, preventing accidents and ensuring the well-being of you and your passengers. While brake pads often take center stage in discussions about braking performance, brake shoes play a vital role, particularly in drum brake systems. These shoes, lined with friction material, press against the brake drums to generate the stopping force. Over time, the friction material wears down, requiring relining or replacement. Understanding how to reline brake shoes can save you money and give you a deeper understanding of your vehicle’s braking system.
The Importance of Brake Shoes
Brake shoes are essential components in drum brake systems, which are commonly found in rear axles of vehicles. Unlike disc brakes, where pads clamp onto a rotor, drum brakes utilize shoes that press against the inside surface of a rotating drum. When the brake pedal is pressed, hydraulic pressure pushes the shoes outward, creating friction that slows the rotation of the drum and ultimately brings the vehicle to a stop.
Properly functioning brake shoes are critical for safe and efficient braking. Worn-out shoes can lead to:
- Reduced braking effectiveness: Worn shoes have less friction material, resulting in a longer stopping distance.
- Increased brake pedal travel: You’ll need to press the pedal harder to achieve the same level of braking.
- Brake fade: Overheating of the brakes can cause the shoes to lose their effectiveness, leading to a gradual decrease in braking power.
- Noise and vibration: Worn shoes can create a grinding or squealing noise when braking, and may also cause vibrations in the steering wheel or brake pedal.
Regular inspection and maintenance of brake shoes are essential to ensure optimal braking performance and safety.
Signs Your Brake Shoes Need Relining
Knowing when to reline your brake shoes is crucial for maintaining your vehicle’s safety. Here are some common signs that your brake shoes may need attention:
- Grinding Noise: A loud grinding noise when braking is a clear indication that the friction material on your brake shoes has worn down to the metal backing plate.
- Squealing Noise: A high-pitched squealing noise, especially when braking at low speeds, can be a warning sign of worn brake shoes.
- Increased Brake Pedal Travel: If you notice that you need to press the brake pedal further than usual to achieve the same stopping power, it could indicate worn brake shoes.
- Brake Fade: If your brakes feel less effective after prolonged use, such as during downhill driving or heavy braking, it could be a sign of brake fade, which can be caused by worn-out brake shoes.
- Vibrations: Vibrations in the brake pedal or steering wheel during braking can be a symptom of unevenly worn brake shoes.
If you experience any of these symptoms, it’s essential to have your brake shoes inspected by a qualified mechanic as soon as possible.
Tools and Materials for Relining Brake Shoes
Before you begin relining your brake shoes, gather the necessary tools and materials. This will ensure a smooth and successful process.
Tools
- Socket wrench set
- C-clamp or brake shoe spreader
- Hammer
- Pliers
- Brake cleaner
- Wire brush
- Safety glasses
- Gloves
Materials
- New brake shoe lining material
- Adhesive for brake shoe lining
- Brake shoe hardware kit (springs, clips, etc.)
- Brake grease
Step-by-Step Guide to Relining Brake Shoes
Relining brake shoes involves removing the old lining material and applying new lining. Here’s a step-by-step guide to help you through the process: (See Also: How Much Do Changing Brake Pads Cost? The Ultimate Breakdown)
1. Remove the Brake Drums
Begin by removing the wheel and then the brake drum. You may need to use a brake drum puller if the drum is stuck.
2. Remove the Brake Shoes
Once the drum is off, you can remove the brake shoes. They are typically held in place by springs and clips. Carefully remove these components to avoid losing them.
3. Prepare the Shoe Backing Plates
Clean the backing plates thoroughly using brake cleaner and a wire brush. Remove any rust, old adhesive, or debris. Ensure the surfaces are smooth and free of contaminants.
4. Apply New Lining Material
Cut the new brake shoe lining material to the correct size and shape. Apply adhesive to the backing plates according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Carefully position the lining material onto the backing plates, ensuring it is smooth and free of air bubbles. Allow the adhesive to dry completely.
5. Reinstall the Brake Shoes
Once the adhesive is dry, reinstall the brake shoes into the brake assembly. Be sure to use the correct springs and clips to secure them in place.
6. Reinstall the Brake Drums
Reinstall the brake drums onto the wheel hubs. Ensure they are properly seated and secured.
7. Adjust the Brakes
Adjust the brake shoes according to the manufacturer’s specifications. This typically involves using a brake adjustment tool to set the clearance between the shoes and the brake drums.
8. Test the Brakes
After relining the brake shoes, it is essential to test the brakes thoroughly in a safe environment. Gradually apply the brakes to ensure they are functioning properly and that there are no leaks or other issues. (See Also: How to Brake Roller Blades? Safely On Ice)
Important Safety Precautions
When working on your brakes, safety should always be your top priority.
- Disconnect the Battery: Before working on your brakes, disconnect the negative terminal of your car battery to prevent accidental electrical shocks.
- Use Jack Stands: Never work under a car supported only by a jack. Always use jack stands to securely elevate the vehicle.
- Wear Safety Gear: Wear safety glasses and gloves to protect yourself from flying debris and brake fluid.
- Work in a Well-Ventilated Area: Brake cleaner and other fluids can emit harmful fumes. Work in a well-ventilated area or outdoors.
- Consult a Professional: If you are not comfortable working on your brakes, it is always best to consult a qualified mechanic.
Relining Brake Shoes vs. Replacing Them
Deciding whether to reline or replace your brake shoes depends on several factors, including the condition of the shoes, the cost of relining versus replacement, and your mechanical skills.
Relining is generally a more cost-effective option if:
- The backing plates are in good condition and free of damage.
- The shoes have significant lining material remaining.
- You are comfortable performing the relining process yourself.
Replacing the shoes is often the better choice if:
- The backing plates are worn or damaged.
- The shoes are excessively worn down.
- You lack the tools or experience to reline the shoes.
How Often Should You Reline Brake Shoes?
The frequency of relining brake shoes varies depending on driving habits, road conditions, and the quality of the lining material. As a general guideline, brake shoes may need relining every 30,000 to 50,000 miles. However, it’s essential to inspect your brake shoes regularly and have them relined or replaced as needed.
Relining Brake Shoes: A Cost-Effective Solution
Relining brake shoes can be a cost-effective way to extend the life of your braking system and improve safety. By understanding the process and following the steps outlined in this guide, you can save money and gain valuable knowledge about your vehicle’s mechanics. Remember to prioritize safety and consult a professional if you have any doubts or concerns.
Frequently Asked Questions
How do I know if my brake shoes need relining?
Several signs indicate that your brake shoes may need relining, including a grinding noise when braking, increased brake pedal travel, brake fade, squealing noises, and vibrations in the brake pedal or steering wheel. (See Also: How Long Do Brake Pads Take To Bed In? – Ultimate Guide)
Can I reline brake shoes myself?
Yes, you can reline brake shoes yourself if you have the necessary tools, materials, and mechanical skills. However, if you are not comfortable working on your brakes, it’s best to consult a qualified mechanic.
What type of adhesive should I use for relining brake shoes?
Use a high-temperature adhesive specifically designed for brake shoe lining. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions for application and drying time.
How long does it take to reline brake shoes?
Relining brake shoes typically takes 1 to 2 hours, depending on your experience and the condition of the shoes.
What is the cost of relining brake shoes?
The cost of relining brake shoes can vary depending on the make and model of your vehicle, the type of lining material used, and the labor costs in your area. It’s generally less expensive than replacing the entire brake shoe assembly.